AP®︎ Cybersecurity: Topic 1.4 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.4 of AP Cybersecurity – AI-Based Cybersecurity Attacks to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Definition

Tools that perform tasks such as generating language, media, or code; processing information; and finding patterns in large data sets

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Artificial Intelligence (AI)
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Tools that perform tasks such as generating language, media, or code; processing information; and finding patterns in large data sets

1.4.A
AI-Augmented Cyberattack
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A cyberattack made more convincing, efficient, scalable, or technically capable through the use of AI.

1.4.A
Generative AI
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AI that produces new content such as language, images, audio, video, or code

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Large Language Model (LLM)
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A type of generative AI trained on large collections of text and other data to produce responses to prompts

1.4.A
Prompt
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The input or instruction supplied to an AI system

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Synthetic Media
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AI-generated voice, image, or video that resembles a real person

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Digital Avatar
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A synthetic representation of a person created from existing samples of the person’s voice or appearance

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Deepfake
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Realistic synthetic media that makes someone appear to say or do something they did not say or do

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Voice Cloning
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Using samples of a person’s voice to generate speech that sounds like that person

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AI-Generated Phishing
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Using generative AI to create polished, localized, or personalized phishing messages at scale

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Prompt Injection
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A crafted prompt intended to override restrictions or manipulate an AI system’s instructions

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Prompt-Based Extraction
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Crafting prompts to make an AI system reveal secure or sensitive information from user input or training data

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Training-Data Manipulation (Training-Data Poisoning)
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Placing false information in potential training sources to influence what a future AI model learns and repeats

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Hallucination
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An unsupported or fabricated response generated by an AI system, even without deliberate adversarial manipulation

1.4.B1.4.B.4
AI-Powered Reconnaissance
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Using AI to rapidly collect, connect, and summarize publicly available information about a target

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AI-Enhanced Coding Tools
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Tools that use AI to generate or modify code, assist malware development, or search large code bases for vulnerabilities

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Shared Secret
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A private word or phrase known only to trusted parties and used to verify identity in a high-stakes situation

1.4.B1.4.B.1
Multifactor Authentication (MFA)
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Authentication requiring proof from more than one independent factor category, so imitating one factor alone is insufficient

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Keeping Sensitive Data Out of AI-Powered Tools
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Do not enter personal, secure, or sensitive information into AI prompts, chats, uploads, or connected files

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Independent Verification of AI Output
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Check consequential AI claims against reputable, stable, non-AI-based sources before acting on them

1.4.B1.4.B.4