AP®︎ Microeconomics: Topic 1.5 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.5 of AP Microeconomics – Cost-Benefit Analysis to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.


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Term

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Definition

A decision method that compares expected total benefits with total costs.

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Cost-Benefit Analysis
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A decision method that compares expected total benefits with total costs.

CBA-1.B
Opportunity Cost
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The value of the next best alternative given up when a choice is made.

CBA-1.ACBA-1.A.1
Explicit and Implicit Costs
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Direct out-of-pocket payments versus forgone income or benefits from using resources differently.

CBA-1.ACBA-1.A.1
Total Benefit and Total Cost
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The full satisfaction or revenue gained and the full economic cost incurred at a given choice.

CBA-1.B
Utility
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The satisfaction or benefit a consumer receives from consuming goods or services.

CBA-1.ACBA-1.A.2
Marginal Benefit and Marginal Cost
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The additional benefit and additional cost from one more unit of a good or activity.

CBA-1.BCBA-1.B.2
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
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As consumption rises, each additional unit eventually provides less extra satisfaction than the previous one.

CBA-1.BCBA-1.B.2
Net Benefits
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The difference between total benefits and total costs.

CBA-1.BCBA-1.B.1
Optimal Choice
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The decision or quantity that produces the greatest net benefit.

CBA-1.BCBA-1.B.1
Cost-Benefit Maximizing Principle
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Choose the quantity where marginal benefit equals marginal cost, or the last unit before marginal benefit falls below marginal cost.

CBA-1.BCBA-1.B.2
Total Revenue
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The total money a firm receives from selling its output.

CBA-1.ACBA-1.A.2