AP®︎ Human Geography: Unit 5 Practice Test
Prepare for your quiz, test, or the AP exam with focused practice questions on Unit 5 of AP Human Geography – Agriculture and Rural Land-Use Patterns and Processes.
Questions List
Unit 5 (All Topics)
Question 1 Topic 5.1Easy
This question tests the following: PSO-5.A.1
What type of climate is best suited for growing potatoes?
What You’re Being Tested On:
Explore the learning objectives taken directly from the College Board’s AP® Human Geography Curriculum. Ensure you’re prepared for the exact topics covered on the AP® exam, in-class tests, and quizzes, and gain confidence in your mastery of the material.
Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land-Use Patterns and Processes
This unit studies agricultural practices, their origins, spatial patterns, technological impacts, and global food production systems.
Topic 5.1: Introduction to Agriculture
Learning Objective: PSO-5.A
Explain the connection between physical geography and agricultural practices.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.A.1
Agricultural practices are influenced by the physical environment and climatic conditions, such as the Mediterranean climate and tropical climates.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.A.2
Intensive farming practices include market gardening, plantation agriculture, and mixed crop/livestock systems.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.A.3
Extensive farming practices include shifting cultivation, nomadic herding, and ranching.
Topic 5.2: Settlement Patterns and Survey Methods
Learning Objective: PSO-5.B
Identify different rural settlement patterns and methods of surveying rural settlements.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.B.1
Specific agricultural practices shape different rural land-use patterns.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.B.2
Rural settlement patterns are classified as clustered, dispersed, or linear.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.B.3
Rural survey methods include metes and bounds, township and range, and long lot.
Topic 5.3: Agricultural Origins and Diffusions
Learning Objective: SPS-5.A
Identify major centers of domestication of plants and animals.
Essential Knowledge: SPS-5.A.1
Early hearths of domestication of plants and animals arose in the Fertile Crescent and several other regions of the world, including the Indus River Valley, Southeast Asia, and Central America.
Learning Objective: SPS-5.B
Explain how plants and animals diffused globally.
Essential Knowledge: SPS-5.B.1
Patterns of diffusion, such as the Columbian Exchange and the agricultural revolutions, resulted in the global spread of various plants and animals.
Topic 5.4: The Second Agricultural Revolution
Learning Objective: SPS-5.C
Explain the advances and impacts of the second agricultural revolution.
Essential Knowledge: SPS-5.C.1
New technology and increased food production in the second agricultural revolution led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories.
Topic 5.5: The Green Revolution
Learning Objective: SPS-5.D
Explain the consequences of the Green Revolution on food supply and the environment in the developing world.
Essential Knowledge: SPS-5.D.1
The Green Revolution was characterized in agriculture by the use of high-yield seeds, increased use of chemicals, and mechanized farming.
Essential Knowledge: SPS-5.D.2
The Green Revolution had positive and negative consequences for both human populations and the environment.
Topic 5.6: Agricultural Production Regions
Learning Objective: PSO-5.C
Explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.C.1
Agricultural production regions are defined by the extent to which they reflect subsistence or commercial practices (monocropping or monoculture).
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.C.2
Intensive and extensive farming practices are determined in part by land costs (bid-rent theory).
Topic 5.7: Spatial Organization of Agriculture
Learning Objective: PSO-5.C
Explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.C.3
Large-scale commercial agricultural operations are replacing small family farms.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.C.4
Complex commodity chains link production and consumption of agricultural products.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.C.5
Technology has increased economies of scale in the agricultural sector and the carrying capacity of the land.
Topic 5.8: Von Thünen Model
Learning Objective: PSO-5.D
Describe how the von Thünen model is used to explain patterns of agricultural production at various scales.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.D.1
Von Thünen's model helps to explain rural land use by emphasizing the importance of transportation costs associated with distance from the market; however, regions of specialty farming do not always conform to von Thünen's concentric rings.
Topic 5.9: The Global System of Agriculture
Learning Objective: PSO-5.E
Explain the interdependence among regions of agricultural production and consumption.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.E.1
Food and other agricultural products are part of a global supply chain.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.E.2
Some countries have become highly dependent on one or more export commodities.
Essential Knowledge: PSO-5.E.3
The main elements of global food distribution networks are affected by political relationships, infrastructure, and patterns of world trade.
Topic 5.10: Consequences of Agricultural Practices
Learning Objective: IMP-5.A
Explain how agricultural practices have environmental and societal consequences.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.A.1
Environmental effects of agricultural land use include pollution, land cover change, desertification, soil salinization, and conservation efforts.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.A.2
Agricultural practices—including slash and burn, terraces, irrigation, deforestation, draining wetlands, shifting cultivation, and pastoral nomadism—alter the landscape.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.A.3
Societal effects of agricultural practices include changing diets, role of women in agricultural production, and economic purpose.
Topic 5.11: Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture
Learning Objective: IMP-5.B
Explain challenges and debates related to the changing nature of contemporary agriculture and food-production practices.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.B.1
Agricultural innovations such as biotechnology, genetically modified organisms, and aquaculture have been accompanied by debates over sustainability, soil and water usage, reductions in biodiversity, and extensive fertilizer and pesticide use.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.B.2
Patterns of food production and consumption are influenced by movements relating to individual food choice, such as urban farming, community-supported agriculture (CSA), organic farming, value-added specialty crops, fair trade, local-food movements, and dietary shifts.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.B.3
Challenges of feeding a global population include lack of food access, as in cases of food insecurity and food deserts; problems with distribution systems; adverse weather; and land use lost to suburbanization.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.B.4
The location of food-processing facilities and markets, economies of scale, distribution systems, and government policies all have economic effects on food-production practices.
Topic 5.12: Women in Agriculture
Learning Objective: IMP-5.C
Explain geographic variations in female roles in food production and consumption.
Essential Knowledge: IMP-5.C.1
The role of females in food production, distribution, and consumption varies in many places depending on the type of production involved.
