AP®︎ Comparative Government: Topic 2.1 Flashcards

Political officials and administrative institutions that formulate, implement, and enforce public policy, including the chief executive and cabinet

The institution authorized to make national laws

The official who formally represents the country and the continuity and authority of the state

The official who directs the government and ordinarily leads domestic policymaking and the bureaucracy

The group of senior executive officials usually responsible for major ministries or policy areas

The official or institution to which cabinet ministers are politically accountable and from which they derive their authority

An official’s need for another institution’s continuing support in order to remain in office

An arrangement in which executive and legislative authority are intertwined because the executive is formed from and depends on the legislature

An arrangement in which the executive and legislature have distinct electoral origins and independent terms in office

A constitutionally established period in office that does not ordinarily depend on continuing legislative confidence

An exceptional constitutional process for removing an official for legally specified misconduct or abuse, not for ordinary loss of political support

The prime minister and cabinet that exercise executive authority and remain in office while they retain parliament’s confidence

A fused system in which the parliamentary majority forms a prime minister-led government that remains in office only while it retains legislative confidence; the United Kingdom is the course example

A separated system in which voters elect the president and legislature separately for fixed terms; the president is both head of state and head of government, and the cabinet is mainly responsible to the president; Mexico and Nigeria are the course examples

A system with separately elected president and legislature in which the president nominates a prime minister approved by the legislature and the cabinet is accountable to both; Russia is the course example