AP®︎ Comparative Government: Topic 3.1 Flashcards

The sphere of voluntary, meaningfully autonomous organizations outside direct state control through which people pursue shared interests, values, identities, or goals

A government-independent organization that works on issues such as human rights, relief, health, development, the environment, or government accountability

A diverse, participatory, legally protected, and autonomous network of organizations able to obtain resources, criticize officials, and influence government or the public

Misconduct by public officials, including corruption, abuse of power, unlawful violence, or misuse of public funds

Autonomous organizations promote democratization by spreading information, building citizen skills and coalitions, defending liberties, and increasing government accountability and competition

A Nigerian civil society organization that represented Ogoni interests, publicized Niger Delta environmental damage, and demanded accountability from government and oil companies

A law imposing registration, reporting burdens, and a stigmatizing foreign-agent label on organizations receiving foreign support and engaging in broadly defined political activity

A law allowing Russian authorities to ban foreign or international organizations deemed threats to the state

A Russian organization that documented Soviet repression and defended human rights; courts dissolved major parts of it in 2021 under foreign-agent requirements

A law placing foreign NGOs under public-security supervision and requiring registration and official sponsorship or a Chinese partner for their activities

A spiritual organization with a large autonomous following that China banned and severely repressed after its members mobilized near Beijing’s leadership compound in 1999

An Iranian organization associated with Shirin Ebadi that documented abuses and represented political prisoners until authorities closed its office in 2008

Iranian religious and charitable foundations whose ties to the clerical establishment and state privileges make them questionable examples of autonomous civil society

Observing government actions and advocating policy preferences through reports, meetings, campaigns, testimony, or publicity

Investigating and publicizing corruption, abuse of power, unlawful violence, or misuse of public funds by officials

Identifying members’ shared interests and communicating them to government or the broader public

Teaching citizens leadership, fundraising, negotiation, communication, and collective-action skills that can support political participation