AP®︎ Environmental Science: Topic 8.13 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 8.13 of AP Environmental Science – Dose Response Curve to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Dose–Response Curve

Definition

A graph showing how a measured biological response changes as the dose of a toxin, pollutant, or drug changes

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Dose–Response Curve
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A graph showing how a measured biological response changes as the dose of a toxin, pollutant, or drug changes

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Dose
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The amount of a substance received by an organism, commonly expressed in mg/kg and plotted as the independent variable on the x-axis

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Response
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The measured biological outcome, such as effect severity or percentage affected or killed, plotted as the dependent variable on the y-axis

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Graded Response vs. Population Response
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A graded response measures the severity of an effect in an individual; a population response measures the percentage of exposed organisms showing an effect

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Threshold vs. No-Threshold Dose–Response Relationship
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A threshold relationship shows no measurable harmful response below a certain dose; a no-threshold relationship assumes some risk even at the smallest dose

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Lethal Dose 50% (LD50)
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The dose that kills 50% of a tested population; a lower LD50 indicates greater acute toxicity

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Acute Exposure vs. Chronic Exposure
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Acute exposure occurs over a short period and may cause immediate effects; chronic exposure is repeated or continuous over a longer period and may cause delayed effects

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