AP®︎ Environmental Science: Topic 9.9 Flashcards

Permanent loss of a species because no living individuals remain anywhere

Disappearance of a species from part of its range while it continues to exist elsewhere

A species facing a very high risk of extinction; under the U.S. ESA, one in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range

A species likely to become endangered if current conditions continue or, under the U.S. ESA, within the foreseeable future

A widely used global assessment of species’ extinction risk maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, not a law

IUCN category for a species surviving only in captivity, cultivation, or populations outside its former natural range

IUCN category for a species facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild

IUCN category for a species facing a high risk of extinction in the wild

IUCN category for a species close to qualifying for a threatened category or likely to do so soon

IUCN category for an assessed species that currently has relatively low extinction risk

Vulnerable, Endangered, and Critically Endangered

Illegal hunting of wildlife

A species with a narrow niche or specific food, habitat, or environmental requirements, making it vulnerable when those conditions disappear

A species that uses many resources or tolerates a broad range of conditions, making it generally more resilient to change

Interaction that occurs when organisms’ demand for food, territory, mates, habitat, or another resource exceeds its availability

An environmental factor that affects organisms’ behavior, survival, or reproductive success

An organism’s relative success in surviving and passing its genes to the next generation

A reinforcing decline in which small population size causes genetic, reproductive, and chance problems that make the population even smaller

An estimate of the smallest population likely to persist for a specified period under expected environmental conditions

Conservation of a species within its natural habitat

Conservation of a species outside its natural habitat, such as in a zoo, aquarium, or breeding facility

Prohibiting wildlife killing or trade and enforcing the ban through monitoring, patrols, penalties, trade controls, and prosecution

U.S. law protecting listed threatened and endangered species by restricting taking, protecting critical habitat, and limiting harmful federal actions

Under the Endangered Species Act, actions such as killing, harming, capturing, or collecting protected wildlife

International agreement that uses permits and trade restrictions to regulate cross-border commerce in wildlife and wildlife products

Ex situ breeding of endangered organisms under controlled conditions to increase numbers, preserve genetic diversity, and support possible reintroduction

Preserving the food, shelter, breeding sites, territory, and other habitat features a species needs

Reestablishing native vegetation, water flow, nesting sites, or other lost habitat features

Releasing captive-bred organisms into protected natural habitat to rebuild wild populations