AP®︎ Environmental Science: Topic 7.6 Flashcards

Preventing pollutants from being produced or capturing or converting them before they enter the atmosphere

Government standards, permits, monitoring, required controls, and incentives used to limit air pollution

Federal law that established the modern U.S. air-pollution program and authorized the EPA to set and enforce air-quality and emission standards

Expansion of the Clean Air Act that included a cap-and-trade allowance system for sulfur dioxide emissions from power plants

Federal outdoor-air standards for CO, lead, NO₂, ground-level ozone, particulate matter, and SO₂.

A system that caps total emissions and lets sources buy, sell, or use allowances, rewarding facilities that reduce emissions

Reducing fuel and electricity demand so fewer pollutants are produced through combustion

Replacing a highly polluting fuel or process with a lower-emission fuel or noncombustion energy source

A gasoline-pump device that returns displaced VOC-containing fuel vapors from a vehicle tank to the station’s storage system

An engine-exhaust device that converts CO, NOₓ, and hydrocarbons into less harmful CO₂, N₂, O₂, and H₂O.

An industrial-exhaust device that uses water or an alkaline slurry to capture particles and dissolve or react with gases such as SO₂.

An industrial-exhaust device that uses a dry or nearly dry alkaline reagent to convert acidic gases into collectible solid particles

A device that electrically charges particles in industrial exhaust, attracts them to collection plates, and drops them into hoppers

(pollutant entering − pollutant leaving) ÷ pollutant entering × 100