AP®︎ Psychology: Topic 2.3 Flashcards
Master key terms and definitions for Topic 2.3 of AP Psychology – Introduction to Memory to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.
Memory
The persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval
The persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval
Transforming incoming information into a form the memory system can process
Retaining encoded information over time
Bringing stored information into active awareness or allowing it to influence behavior
Memory that is consciously accessible and can be relatively easily stated or described
Explicit memory for personally experienced events, often including where and when they occurred
Explicit memory for facts, concepts, meanings, and general knowledge
Memory that influences behavior without requiring conscious recollection and is often expressed through performance
Implicit memory for learned skills, procedures, and sequences of action
Memory for an intended future action—remembering to do something later
A lasting increase in synaptic transmission strength following frequent or repeated activation of a neural pathway
A model in which information moves among sensory, short-term, and long-term memory through attention, processing, and retrieval
The momentary preservation of a nearly immediate trace of sensory stimulation
Sensory memory for briefly retained visual information
Sensory memory for briefly retained auditory information
The limited-capacity store that briefly holds active, available information
Relatively enduring storage for knowledge, experiences, and learned skills
Encoding that occurs with little deliberate attention or conscious effort
Encoding that requires conscious attention and deliberate mental work
The working-memory component that directs attention and coordinates other components and limited mental resources
The working-memory component that temporarily holds and works with verbal and auditory information
The working-memory component that temporarily holds and manipulates visual images and spatial relationships
A model proposing that deeper encoding produces stronger retention, progressing from structural to phonemic to semantic processing
Shallow encoding focused on a stimulus's physical or visual features
Encoding focused on sound, deeper than structural processing but shallower than semantic processing
Deep encoding focused on meaning and associations, generally producing the strongest retention
A limited-capacity active-memory system that temporarily holds and manipulates information
A model in which the central executive coordinates the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad to maintain and manipulate information
