AP®︎ Statistics: Topic 1.6 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.6 of AP Statistics – Descriptions for One Quantitative Variable Distributions to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.


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Term

SOCS

Definition

Shape, outliers, center, spread; a mnemonic for organizing a description, not a description by itself

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SOCS
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Shape, outliers, center, spread; a mnemonic for organizing a description, not a description by itself

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Shape
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The overall form of a distribution, including symmetry or skewness and the number and prominence of peaks

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Center
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The typical or middle location of a distribution; estimated from the graph as an approximate value in the variable's units

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Variability or Spread
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How much the observed values differ from one another and how widely they are distributed

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Approximately Symmetric
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A distribution whose left half is approximately a mirror image of its right half

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Skewed Right / Positively Skewed
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A distribution whose tail extends farther toward larger values than toward smaller values

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Skewed Left / Negatively Skewed
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A distribution whose tail extends farther toward smaller values than toward larger values

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Unimodal
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A distribution with one main peak

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Bimodal
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Having two prominent peaks

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Approximately Uniform
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A distribution with approximately equal frequencies or relative frequencies across values or intervals and no prominent peaks

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Outlier
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A data point that is unusually small or unusually large relative to the rest of the data

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Gap
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A region between two values in which there are no observed data

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Cluster
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A concentration of observations, usually separated from another concentration by a gap or lower-frequency region

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Complete Graphical Description
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A description of the distribution's shape, center, spread, and unusual features in context, including the variable and its units when available

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Justify a Claim Using a Graph
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Support or refute a claim by connecting it to specific graphical evidence from the observed data

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