AP®︎ Statistics: Topic 2.8 Flashcards

A variable that assigns a numerical value to each outcome of a random process

A random variable with a finite or countably infinite set of possible values

For a discrete random variable, a list, table, graph, or function giving every possible value and its probability

A distribution with 0 ≤ P(X=x) ≤ 1 for every value x and ΣP(X=x)=1

The function pX(x)=P(X=x) that gives the probability for each possible value of a discrete random variable

Define the random variable in context; list all possible values; identify outcomes for each value; use probability rules to find each probability; display the distribution; check probabilities are between 0 and 1 and sum to 1

An estimated discrete probability distribution found by simulating many complete trials, recording the random-variable value each time, and using relative frequencies for each value

A table listing every possible value of a random variable and its probability

A graph with possible values on the horizontal axis and probabilities on the vertical axis, with separate bars or vertical segments at each value

A table or function giving F(x)=P(X≤x), the probability that a discrete random variable is less than or equal to x

An outcome is a result in the sample space; a random-variable value is the number assigned to that outcome, and different outcomes can give the same value