AP®︎ Statistics: Topic 1.8 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.8 of AP Statistics – Graphical Representations of Summary Statistics for One Quantitative Variable to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Five-Number Summary

Definition

Minimum, Q1, median, Q3, maximum

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Five-Number Summary
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Minimum, Q1, median, Q3, maximum

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Boxplot; Box-And-Whisker Plot
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Graphical representation of the five-number summary: box from Q1 to Q3 with a line at the median; whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum if there are no outliers, or to the most extreme non-outliers if outliers are plotted separately

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Modified Boxplot
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Boxplot that plots outliers separately and extends whiskers only to the smallest and largest non-outliers

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Interquartile Range (IQR)
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Q3 - Q1; the distance from Q1 to Q3, equal to the length of the box and containing the middle approximately 50% of the data

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1.5 × IQR Rule
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Rule for potential outliers: x < Q1 - 1.5(IQR) or x > Q3 + 1.5(IQR)

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Fences
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Outlier cutoffs at Q1 - 1.5(IQR) and Q3 + 1.5(IQR); used to identify outliers, not usually drawn on the boxplot

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Symmetric Distribution And Mean Vs. Median
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If a distribution is relatively symmetric, the mean and median are relatively close

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Right-Skewed Distribution And Mean Vs. Median
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If a distribution is skewed right, the mean is usually greater than the median because large values in the right tail pull the mean upward

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Left-Skewed Distribution And Mean Vs. Median
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If a distribution is skewed left, the mean is usually less than the median because small values in the left tail pull the mean downward

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