AP®︎ Statistics: Topic 2.6 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 2.6 of AP Statistics – Conditional Probability to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Conditional Probability

Definition

Probability of A given that B has occurred; P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B), provided P(B) > 0

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Conditional Probability
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Probability of A given that B has occurred; P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B), provided P(B) > 0

2.6.A2.6.A.1
Conditional Probability From Counts
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From equally weighted counts, P(A|B) = n(A ∩ B) / n(B)

2.6.A2.6.A.1
General Multiplication Rule
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P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B|A), or equivalently P(A ∩ B) = P(B)P(A|B)

2.6.A2.6.A.2
Conditional Probability Vs. Reverse Conditional Probability
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P(A|B) and P(B|A) are different conditional probabilities; they use different conditions and usually different denominators, so they are not generally equal

2.6.A2.6.A.1
Probability Tree
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Diagram for a multistage process; branch probabilities are conditional on earlier outcomes, and probabilities along a path are multiplied

2.6.A2.6.A.2
P(A|B)
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The probability of A given B; the event after the bar is the condition, so attention is restricted to B and the denominator is P(B)

2.6.A2.6.A.1
Conditional Relative Frequency
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A proportion within the group named by the condition; from counts, P(A|B) = n(A ∩ B) / n(B)

2.6.A2.6.A.1