AP®︎ Statistics: Topic 3.5 Flashcards

Appropriate test for a claim about the proportion of successes in one population, using one sample and a categorical response classified as success/failure

The true population proportion of individuals classified as successes

Statement about the population proportion assumed true unless the sample gives convincing evidence otherwise; status quo

Statement about the population proportion describing the departure from H₀ that the evidence is meant to support

The specified population proportion in H₀: p = p₀

Alternative hypothesis p ≠ p₀, used when the question asks whether the proportion is different in either direction

Hₐ: p < p₀; used when the question asks whether the population proportion is less than the null value

Hₐ: p > p₀; used when the question asks whether the population proportion is greater than the null value

In AP Statistics, even for a one-sided test, write the null as H₀: p = p₀ and test at the equality boundary

Data must come from a random sample from the population of interest

When sampling without replacement, population size must satisfy N ≥ 10n so observations are approximately independent

Under H₀, the expected counts np₀ and n(1 − p₀) must both be at least 10

Define p by naming the population, the success outcome or response variable, and that p is a population proportion