AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 1.2 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.2 of AP Chemistry – Mass Spectra of Elements to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Isotopes

Definition

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses.

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Isotopes
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Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses.

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Peak Position and Peak Height in a Mass Spectrum
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Peak position gives isotope mass; peak height or area gives relative abundance.

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Relative Abundance
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The proportion of each isotope in nature, usually written as a percent or decimal.

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Abundances Sum to 100%
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All isotope percentages for one element must add to 100%, or 1.00 as decimals.

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Estimating the Most Abundant Isotope from Average Atomic Mass
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The average lies closest to the isotope with the greatest natural abundance.

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Identifying an Element from Its Mass Spectrum
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Match the spectrum’s isotope masses and weighted average to the element’s periodic-table atomic mass.

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Mass Spectrum of an Element
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A graph from mass spectrometry showing isotope masses and relative abundances for one element.

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Average Atomic Mass
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The weighted average of isotope masses calculated using each isotope’s natural abundance.

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Isotope Mass
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The mass of a specific isotope, approximately equal to its protons plus neutrons.

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