AP®︎ Chemistry Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for every unit and topic to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam. Select a unit or topic to begin.

Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 1.1
Moles and Molar Mass

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Topic 1.2
Mass Spectra of Elements

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Topic 1.3
Elemental Composition of Pure Substances

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Topic 1.4
Composition of Mixtures

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Topic 1.5
Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration

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Topic 1.6
Photoelectron Spectroscopy

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Topic 1.7
Periodic Trends

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Topic 1.8
Valence Electrons and Ionic Compounds

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Unit 2: Compound Structure and Properties

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 2.1
Types of Chemical Bonds

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Topic 2.2
Intramolecular Force and Potential Energy

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Topic 2.3
Structure of Ionic Solids

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Topic 2.4
Structure of Metals and Alloys

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Topic 2.5
Lewis Diagrams

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Topic 2.6
Resonance and Formal Charge

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Topic 2.7
VSEPR and Hybridization

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Unit 3: Properties of Substances and Mixtures

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 3.1
Intermolecular and Interparticle Forces

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Topic 3.2
Properties of Solids

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Topic 3.3
Solids, Liquids, and Gases

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Topic 3.4
Ideal Gas Law

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Topic 3.5
Kinetic Molecular Theory

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Topic 3.6
Deviation from Ideal Gas Law

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Topic 3.7
Solutions and Mixtures

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Topic 3.8
Representations of Solutions

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Topic 3.9
Separation of Solutions and Mixtures

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Topic 3.10
Solubility

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Topic 3.11
Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Topic 3.12
Properties of Photons

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Topic 3.13
Beer-Lambert Law

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Unit 4: Chemical Reactions

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Topic 4.1
Introduction for Reactions

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Topic 4.2
Net Ionic Equations

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Topic 4.3
Representations of Reactions

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Topic 4.4
Physical and Chemical Changes

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Topic 4.5
Stoichiometry

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Topic 4.6
Introduction to Titration

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Topic 4.7
Types of Chemical Reactions

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Topic 4.8
Introduction to Acid-Base Reactions

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Topic 4.9
Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

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Unit 5: Kinetics

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 5.1
Reaction Rates

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Topic 5.2
Introduction to Rate Law

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Topic 5.3
Concentration Changes Over Time

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Topic 5.4
Elementary Reactions

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Topic 5.5
Collision Model

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Topic 5.6
Reaction Energy Profile

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Topic 5.7
Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms

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Topic 5.8
Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law

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Topic 5.9
Pre-Equilibrium Approximation

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Topic 5.10
Multistep Reaction Energy Profile

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Topic 5.11
Catalysis

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Unit 6: Thermochemistry

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 6.1
Endothermic and Exothermic Processes

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Topic 6.2
Energy Diagrams

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Topic 6.3
Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium

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Topic 6.4
Heat Capacity and Calorimetry

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Topic 6.5
Energy of Phase Changes

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Topic 6.6
Introduction to Enthalpy of Reaction

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Topic 6.7
Bond Enthalpies

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Topic 6.8
Enthalpy of Formation

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Topic 6.9
Hess’s Law

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Unit 7: Equilibrium

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 7.1
Introduction to Equilibrium

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Topic 7.2
Direction of Reversible Reactions

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Topic 7.3
Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Constant

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Topic 7.4
Calculating the Equilibrium Constant

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Topic 7.5
Magnitude of the Equilibrium Constant

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Topic 7.6
Properties of the Equilibrium Constant

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Topic 7.7
Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations

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Topic 7.8
Representations of Equilibrium

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Topic 7.9
Introduction to Le Châtelier's Principle

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Topic 7.10
Reaction Quotient and Le Châtelier’s Principle

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Topic 7.11
Introduction to Solubility Equilibria

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Topic 7.12
Common-Ion Effect

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Unit 8: Acids and Bases

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 8.1
Introduction to Acids and Bases

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Topic 8.2
pH and pOH of Strong Acids and Bases

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Topic 8.3
Weak Acid and Base Equilibria

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Topic 8.4
Acid-Base Reactions and Buffers

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Topic 8.5
Acid-Base Titrations

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Topic 8.6
Molecular Structure of Acids and Bases

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Topic 8.7
pH and pKa

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Topic 8.8
Properties of Buffers

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Topic 8.9
Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

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Topic 8.10
Buffer Capacity

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Topic 8.11
pH and Solubility

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Unit 9: Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry

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Complete Unit Review

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Topic 9.1
Introduction to Entropy

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Topic 9.2
Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change

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Topic 9.3
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability

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Topic 9.4
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control

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Topic 9.5
Free Energy and Equilibrium

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Topic 9.6
Free Energy of Dissolution

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Topic 9.7
Coupled Reactions

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Topic 9.8
Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells

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Topic 9.9
Cell Potential and Free Energy

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Topic 9.10
Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions

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Topic 9.11
Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law

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