AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 9.11 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 9.11 of AP Chemistry – Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Electrolytic Cell

Definition

An electrochemical cell that uses external electrical energy to drive a nonspontaneous redox reaction.

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Electrolytic Cell
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An electrochemical cell that uses external electrical energy to drive a nonspontaneous redox reaction.

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Galvanic Cell vs. Electrolytic Cell
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Galvanic cells are spontaneous and produce electricity; electrolytic cells are nonspontaneous and require electricity.

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Anode and Cathode in Any Electrochemical Cell
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Oxidation always occurs at the anode, and reduction always occurs at the cathode.

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Electrode Mass Changes During Electrolysis
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The anode loses mass as oxidation occurs, and the cathode gains mass as reduction deposits material.

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Minimum External Voltage for Electrolysis
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The applied voltage must exceed the magnitude of the negative cell potential to force the reaction.

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Faraday's Law
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The amount of substance produced or consumed is proportional to the total charge passed.

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Current-Charge-Time Relationship
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Current equals charge divided by time, with I = q/t.

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Ampere
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A unit of current equal to one coulomb of charge passing per second.

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Electrolysis Stoichiometry
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Use balanced half-reactions to relate moles of electrons to moles of substance produced or consumed.

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Faraday Constant
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One mole of electrons carries 96485 coulombs, linking charge to electron moles.

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Electrolysis Calculation Chain
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Use unit conversions among amps, seconds, coulombs, electrons, moles, and grams.

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