AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 4.9 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 4.9 of AP Chemistry – Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reaction

Definition

A reaction involving electron transfer, where one species is oxidized and another is reduced.

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Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reaction
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A reaction involving electron transfer, where one species is oxidized and another is reduced.

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Oxidation Number / Oxidation State
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The hypothetical charge an atom would have based on electron assignment in a compound or ion.

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Half-Reaction
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An equation showing either the oxidation part or the reduction part of a redox reaction.

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Oxidation Number Rules
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Free elements 0; monatomic ions equal charge; O usually -2, H usually +1, F -1; sums match overall charge.

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Peroxides, Hydrides, and Variable Halogens
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In peroxides oxygen is -1, in metal hydrides hydrogen is -1, and halogens besides fluorine can vary.

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Oxidation, Reduction, Oxidizing Agent, and Reducing Agent
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Loss of electrons is oxidation, gain is reduction; oxidizers are reduced and reducers are oxidized.

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Balancing Redox Reactions in Acidic and Basic Solutions
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Balance atoms, then charge with electrons; in basic solution, neutralize H+ using OH-.

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Balancing and Combining Redox Half-Reactions
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Add electrons to balance charge, equalize electron transfer, combine half-reactions, and verify atoms and charge.

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