AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 5.5 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 5.5 of AP Chemistry – Collision Model to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Collision Model

Definition

Particles react only when they collide with enough energy and the correct orientation.

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Collision Model
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Particles react only when they collide with enough energy and the correct orientation.

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Activation Energy
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The minimum energy particles need during a collision to begin bond breaking and forming.

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Orientation Requirement
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Reacting particles must collide in an arrangement that allows the necessary bonds to rearrange.

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Temperature and Collision Model
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Higher temperature increases average kinetic energy, causing more frequent and more energetic collisions.

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Fraction of Collisions Leading to Reaction
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Only a small fraction of collisions form products because few have both enough energy and correct orientation.

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Elementary Reaction
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A reaction step that occurs in a single molecular event with one set of colliding particles.

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Effective vs. Ineffective Collision
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Product formation occurs only when collisions have enough energy and the correct orientation.

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Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
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A curve showing particle energies; higher temperature increases the fraction exceeding activation energy.

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