AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 4.7 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 4.7 of AP Chemistry – Types of Chemical Reactions to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Acid-Base Reaction

Definition

A reaction in which one species transfers one or more protons to another.

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Acid-Base Reaction
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A reaction in which one species transfers one or more protons to another.

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Oxidation and Reduction
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Oxidation is loss of electrons; reduction is gain of electrons.

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Oxidation Numbers
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Assigned charges used to track electron transfer and identify oxidation and reduction in reactions.

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Common Oxidation Number Rules
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Elements alone are 0; O is usually -2, H usually +1; totals equal species charge.

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Combustion Reaction
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A redox reaction in which a substance reacts with O2; hydrocarbons completely form CO2 and H2O.

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Always Soluble Ions and Salts
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All sodium, potassium, ammonium, and nitrate salts are soluble in water.

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Net Ionic Equation
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An equation showing only species that actually change, with spectator ions omitted.

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Spectator Ions
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Ions present in solution that do not participate in the overall chemical change.

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Oxidation-Reduction Reaction / Redox Reaction
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A reaction where electrons transfer from one species to another, changing oxidation numbers.

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Precipitation Reaction and Precipitate
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A reaction in aqueous solution that forms an insoluble ionic solid called a precipitate.

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