AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 2.2 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 2.2 of AP Chemistry – Intramolecular Force and Potential Energy to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Potential Energy Vs. Internuclear Distance Graph

Definition

A curve showing how energy changes as bonded atoms move closer together or farther apart.

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Potential Energy Vs. Internuclear Distance Graph
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A curve showing how energy changes as bonded atoms move closer together or farther apart.

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Equilibrium Bond Length
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The internuclear distance where potential energy is lowest and the bonded atoms are most stable.

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Bond Energy
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The energy required to separate bonded atoms from their equilibrium distance to infinite separation.

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Bond Strength and Potential Energy
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Stronger bonds have larger bond energies and lower minimum potential energies than weaker bonds.

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Potential Energy Curve Regions
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Very close atoms repel strongly, intermediate distances attract and bond, and far-apart atoms have near-zero interaction.

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Bond Order
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The number of shared electron pairs between atoms: single, double, or triple.

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Single, Double, And Triple Bonds
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Single: 2 shared electrons, longest, weakest; double: 4, intermediate; triple: 6, shortest, strongest.

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Atomic Size and Covalent Bond Length
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Larger bonded atoms generally form longer covalent bonds because their nuclei are farther apart.

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Coulomb's Law and Ionic Interaction Strength
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Electrostatic attraction is stronger for oppositely charged, smaller, and more highly charged ions.

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Internuclear Distance
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The distance between the nuclei of two bonded or interacting atoms.

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