AP®︎ Chemistry: Topic 9.7 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 9.7 of AP Chemistry – Coupled Reactions to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Thermodynamically Unfavorable Reaction / Nonspontaneous Reaction

Definition

A process with positive ΔG that does not occur on its own.

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Thermodynamically Unfavorable Reaction / Nonspontaneous Reaction
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A process with positive ΔG that does not occur on its own.

9.7.A
External Energy Source
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Added energy, such as electricity or light, used to drive a nonspontaneous process.

9.7.A9.7.A.1
Coupled Reactions
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A spontaneous and nonspontaneous reaction linked by shared intermediates to give an overall negative ΔG.

9.7.A9.7.A.2
Common Intermediate
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A species produced in one step and consumed in another, canceling in the overall reaction.

9.7.A9.7.A.2
Overall ΔG In A Coupled System
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Add the ΔG values of the individual reactions; the total must be negative.

9.7.A9.7.A.2
Scaling Reactions In Coupling Calculations
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When a reaction is multiplied, multiply its ΔG by the same factor.

9.7.A9.7.A.2
Electrolytic Cell
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An electrochemical cell that uses electrical energy to force a nonspontaneous redox reaction.

9.7.A9.7.A.1
Charging A Battery
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Using electrical energy to reverse the spontaneous cell reaction and store chemical energy.

9.7.A9.7.A.1
Photosynthesis As An Energy-Driven Process
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Light energy drives the overall conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

9.7.A9.7.A.1
ATP To ADP Coupling
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ATP hydrolysis releases free energy that can drive otherwise unfavorable biological reactions.

9.7.A9.7.A.2