AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 3.4 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 3.4 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Potential Problems with Sampling to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Bias

Definition

Systematic favoritism of certain responses or outcomes over others in data collection.

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Bias
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Systematic favoritism of certain responses or outcomes over others in data collection.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.1
Undercoverage Bias
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Bias caused when some population members have a smaller chance of being selected.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.3
Nonresponse Bias
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Bias caused when selected individuals do not respond and differ from those who do.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.4
Response Bias
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Bias caused by flaws in the survey instrument or data collection process.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.5
Question Wording Bias
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Bias caused by confusing, leading, or ambiguous wording that influences responses.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.5
Nonrandom Sampling Methods and Bias
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Methods without chance selection, such as convenience or voluntary response, often produce unrepresentative samples.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.6
Nonrandom Sampling Methods
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Methods like convenience or voluntary response use no chance selection and often produce biased samples.

DAT-2.EDAT-2.E.6