AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 7.2 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 7.2 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Constructing a Confidence Interval for a Population Mean to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Degrees of Freedom

Definition

The number of independent values that can vary after estimating a parameter; for one sample, n - 1.

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Degrees of Freedom
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The number of independent values that can vary after estimating a parameter; for one sample, n - 1.

UNC-4.OUNC-4.O.2
One-Sample t-Interval for a Mean
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The confidence interval procedure for estimating a population mean when σ is unknown.

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Matched Pairs t-Interval
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A mean interval found by analyzing pairwise differences as one sample of differences.

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Point Estimate for a Population Mean
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The sample mean x̄, used as the center of the confidence interval.

UNC-4.RUNC-4.R.1
Standard Error of the Sample Mean
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The estimated standard deviation of x̄, calculated as s divided by the square root of n.

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Critical Value t*
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The cutoff from a t-distribution for a chosen confidence level and n - 1 degrees of freedom.

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Margin of Error for a One-Sample t-Interval
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The amount added and subtracted from x̄, equal to t* times s divided by √n.

UNC-4.QUNC-4.Q.3
Confidence Interval Formula for a Population Mean
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x̄ ± t*(s/√n), used when estimating μ with unknown population standard deviation.

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Interpreting a Confidence Interval for μ
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State that you are a given percent confident the true population mean lies between the interval endpoints.

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t-Distribution
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A bell-shaped distribution with heavier tails than normal that approaches normal as df increases.

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Conditions for a One-Sample t-Interval
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Use this method when data are random, independent, and the sample distribution is approximately normal.

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Confidence Level
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The long-run percent of intervals from this method that capture the true mean.

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