AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 4.3 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 4.3 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Introduction to Probability to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Probability Model

Definition

A description of a chance process listing all outcomes and their probabilities.

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Probability Model
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A description of a chance process listing all outcomes and their probabilities.

VAR-4.A
Sample Space
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The set of all possible non-overlapping outcomes of a random process.

VAR-4.AVAR-4.A.1
Event
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A set of one or more outcomes from the sample space.

VAR-4.A
Equally Likely Outcomes / Classical Probability
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When outcomes are equally likely, probability equals favorable outcomes divided by total outcomes.

VAR-4.AVAR-4.A.2
Probability Range and Meaning
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Probabilities are between 0 and 1 inclusive; 0 is impossible and 1 is certain.

VAR-4.AVAR-4.A.3
Total Probability of the Sample Space
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The probabilities of all outcomes in the sample space add up to 1.

VAR-4.A
Long-Run Relative Frequency Interpretation
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In repeated trials, probability is the proportion of times an event occurs in the long run.

VAR-4.BVAR-4.B.1
Interpreting Probability in Context
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State probability as a chance or long-run proportion using the situation's actual variables and outcomes.

VAR-4.B
Complement of an Event
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All outcomes not in an event, written as E' or E^c, with probability 1 - P(E).

VAR-4.AVAR-4.A.4