AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 8.3 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 8.3 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Chi-Square Test Statistic for Goodness of Fit

Definition

Sum (Observed minus Expected) squared divided by Expected across all categories.

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Chi-Square Test Statistic for Goodness of Fit
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Sum (Observed minus Expected) squared divided by Expected across all categories.

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Degrees of Freedom for Chi-Square Goodness of Fit
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Number of categories minus 1.

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Null Distribution for Chi-Square Goodness of Fit
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The distribution of test statistics expected if the null hypothesis and probability model are true.

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Randomization Distribution vs. Theoretical Chi-Square Distribution
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Use simulation under the null or use a chi-square model when a probability model is assumed true.

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P-Value for Chi-Square Goodness of Fit
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Probability, assuming the null is true, of getting a chi-square statistic at least as large observed.

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Finding the P-Value for a Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test
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Use the chi-square table or computer output with the test statistic and degrees of freedom.

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Right-Tailed Nature of the Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test
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Larger chi-square values show greater disagreement between observed and expected counts, so only the right tail matters.

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Decision Rule Using P-Value and Alpha
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Reject the null if p-value is less than alpha; otherwise fail to reject it.

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Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Conclusion
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State whether to reject or fail to reject and interpret the result in context.

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