AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 4.10 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 4.10 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Introduction to the Binomial Distribution to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Probability Distribution

Definition

A function that gives the probability of each possible value of a random variable.

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Probability Distribution
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A function that gives the probability of each possible value of a random variable.

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Constructing a Probability Distribution: Rules of Probability vs. Simulation
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Use known probability rules exactly, or estimate probabilities from many simulated trials with random numbers.

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Binomial Setting Conditions
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Fixed number of trials, independent trials, two outcomes, and constant probability of success.

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Binomial Probability Formula
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P(X = x) = (n choose x)p^x(1 − p)^(n − x) for exactly x successes.

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n Choose x
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The number of ways to select x successes from n trials, written as a combination.

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BinomialPDF vs. BinomialCDF
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PDF gives one exact value; CDF gives the probability up to and including a value.

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Estimating Binomial Probabilities with Simulation
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Simulate many sets of n trials, count successes each time, and use relative frequencies as estimates.

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Binomial Random Variable
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A discrete variable counting successes in n independent trials with constant success probability p.

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Binomial Probability Function
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The formula giving the probability of exactly x successes in n independent trials.

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