AP®︎ Statistics (pre-2026): Topic 8.5 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 8.5 of AP Statistics (pre-2026) – Setting Up a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

This course has been archived. The College Board updated AP Statistics for the 2026–27 school year, and the units and topics changed.
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Term

Chi-Square Test for Independence vs. Homogeneity

Definition

Independence uses one sample from one population; homogeneity compares distributions across separate populations or treatments.

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Chi-Square Test for Independence vs. Homogeneity
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Independence uses one sample from one population; homogeneity compares distributions across separate populations or treatments.

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Null and Alternative Hypotheses for Chi-Square Test for Independence
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H0: two categorical variables are independent; Ha: the variables are associated in the population.

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Null and Alternative Hypotheses for Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity
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H0: population or treatment distributions are the same; Ha: at least one distribution differs.

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Two-Way Table
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A table that displays counts for combinations of two categorical variables.

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Expected Count
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The count predicted for a cell if the null hypothesis is true.

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Conditions for Chi-Square Tests for Independence and Homogeneity
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Use the proper random process, check n/N ≤ 10% when needed, and ensure all expected counts exceed 5.

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