AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 2.11 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 2.11 of AP Human Geography – Forced and Voluntary Migration to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.


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Term

Migration

Definition

A permanent or semipermanent change in residence

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Migration
Not Started

A permanent or semipermanent change in residence

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Forced Migration
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Migration in which people are compelled to leave their homes or are transported elsewhere against their will

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Voluntary Migration
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Migration in which people retain meaningful choice over whether and where to relocate

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Refugee
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A person forced across an international border who cannot safely return, typically because of a well-founded fear of persecution

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Internally Displaced Person (IDP)
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A person forced to leave home who remains within the borders of the same country

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Asylum Seeker
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A person who has requested protection in another country but whose claim has not yet been finally decided

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Transnational Migration
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Migration across national borders, especially when migrants maintain social, economic, political, or cultural ties across countries

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Internal Migration
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Movement to a new residence within the borders of one country

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Rural-to-Urban Migration
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Movement from the countryside or agricultural settlements to towns and cities

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Chain Migration
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Migration in which earlier migrants help or encourage people from the same family, community, or place of origin to move to the same destination

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Step Migration
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Migration toward a destination through a sequence of intermediate residential moves rather than one direct relocation

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Transhumance
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The regular seasonal movement of pastoralists and livestock between established grazing areas

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Guest Worker
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A migrant legally admitted to another country for employment, usually temporarily under a work permit or contract

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