AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 2.9 Flashcards

A demographic change in which older age groups make up an increasing share of the total population

The fertility needed for one generation to replace itself without migration, approximately 2.1 children per woman in many populations

The movement of a group born during the same period through the age structure, with a large cohort eventually increasing the elderly share

[(population ages 0–14 + population ages 65 and older) ÷ population ages 15–64] × 100; age-defined dependents per 100 working-age people

(population ages 0–14 ÷ population ages 15–64) × 100; youth dependents per 100 working-age people

(population ages 65 and older ÷ population ages 15–64) × 100; older dependents per 100 working-age people

(population ages 65 and older ÷ population ages 0–14) × 100; a value above 100 means older people outnumber children

The tendency for women to form a majority of the oldest population because they generally have longer life expectancy than men

Adults responsible for supporting both their children and their elderly parents

A simplified pattern in which one child is connected to two parents and four grandparents, illustrating how low fertility can concentrate eldercare expectations