AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 2.3 Flashcards
Master key terms and definitions for Topic 2.3 of AP Human Geography – Population Composition to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.
Population Composition
The makeup of a population according to demographic characteristics, especially age and sex
The makeup of a population according to demographic characteristics, especially age and sex
The distribution of a population among age groups, reported as counts or percentages
The conventional dependent-age category consisting of people ages 0–14
The conventional age category consisting of people ages 15–64
The conventional dependent-age category consisting of people ages 65 and older
A group whose members share a demographic characteristic, most commonly an age range or period of birth
The number of males per 100 females: (number of males ÷ number of females) × 100
The number of male births per 100 female births, normally about 105
A paired horizontal bar graph displaying age cohorts by sex, usually with males left, females right, and youngest cohorts at the bottom
A wide-based pyramid that narrows rapidly with age, indicating a youthful population and rapid growth
A roughly rectangular pyramid with younger and middle cohorts of similar width, indicating slow or approximately stable growth
A pyramid whose base is narrower than its middle, indicating low fertility, population aging, and possible future decline
A cohort substantially larger than adjacent cohorts, often caused by high births or age-selective in-migration
A cohort smaller than adjacent cohorts, potentially reflecting reduced births, mortality, or out-migration
A noticeable difference between corresponding male and female bars in an age cohort
((population ages 0–14 + population ages 65 and older) ÷ population ages 15–64) × 100; people in conventional dependent-age categories per 100 people of working age
An age structure with a large proportion of children and relatively few older adults, usually associated with recent high fertility
An age structure with cohorts of similar size through much of the population, commonly associated with low birth and death rates and slow growth
An age structure with younger cohorts smaller than middle-aged and older cohorts, associated with sustained low fertility and long life expectancy
