AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 4.5 Flashcards

The legally recognized line separating political jurisdictions and establishing the territorial limits of governmental authority

A boundary separating the territories and authority of sovereign states

A boundary dividing one sovereign state into subnational governmental or administrative jurisdictions

A term used for a boundary line or, more broadly, the zone surrounding that line

The zone around a boundary containing settlements, routes, cultural connections, and economic activities shaped by the border

A zone where state control is weak, unclear, or still developing rather than a precisely established boundary line

The legal description of a boundary in a treaty, statute, ruling, or agreement

The cartographic placement of a legally defined boundary as a line on a map

The physical marking of a boundary with monuments, posts, signs, fences, buoys, walls, or cleared land

The continuing management of a boundary through enforcement, crossings, customs, maintenance, and dispute resolution

A state's authority to govern its territory and conduct relations with other states

The 1884–1885 meeting that established rules for European colonial claims and accelerated the externally imposed partition of Africa

An area where military forces and installations are prohibited or restricted to separate opposing forces and reduce renewed conflict

A boundary dispute over the wording or interpretation of the legal document that established the boundary

A boundary dispute over where a line should be placed, which territory belongs to each side, or whether the line is legitimate

A dispute over how an accepted boundary is managed, including migration, customs, policing, transportation, or barriers

A dispute over ownership or use of resources located on, beneath, or across a political boundary

The 1982 convention, in force since 1994, that establishes states' rights and responsibilities in maritime zones

The coastal reference line, usually based on the low-water line, from which maritime zones are measured

Waters extending up to 12 nautical miles from the baseline where the coastal state exercises sovereignty, subject to innocent passage

The right of foreign ships to pass continuously and nonthreateningly through another state's territorial sea

Waters extending as far as 24 nautical miles from the baseline where a state has limited customs, tax, immigration, and sanitation enforcement authority

A zone extending up to 200 nautical miles from the baseline where a coastal state has exclusive rights to manage natural resources

Ocean areas beyond national maritime jurisdiction that are open to all states for lawful uses

A common term for waters outside a state's territorial sea, including EEZs and the high seas despite their different legal rules