AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 3.7 Flashcards
Master key terms and definitions for Topic 3.7 of AP Human Geography – Diffusion of Religion and Language to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.
Cultural Hearth
The area where a cultural trait, innovation, or cultural system originates
The area where a cultural trait, innovation, or cultural system originates
A religion open to people regardless of ethnicity that generally seeks converts and spreads through relocation and expansion diffusion
A religion closely tied to a particular people, ancestry, homeland, or cultural tradition and spread mainly through relocation diffusion
A universalizing religion originating in Southwest Asia that spread through missionaries, political support, migration, imperialism, and colonization
A universalizing religion originating in Mecca and Medina that spread through migration, trade, political expansion, and conversion
A universalizing religion originating in northern South Asia that spread through rulers, monks, merchants, travelers, and trade routes
A universalizing, monotheistic religion originating in Punjab whose overseas communities were created mainly through migration
An ethnic religion originating in South Asia that remains concentrated near its hearth but also occurs in migrant diaspora communities
An ethnic, monotheistic religion originating in Southwest Asia whose distribution was shaped largely by migration, expulsion, persecution, and diaspora
The dispersal of a people from an ancestral homeland and the communities formed by that dispersal
A collection of languages descended from a shared ancestral language
A reconstructed ancestral language from which the languages of a family descended
A division within a language family containing languages with a more recent common origin and clearer similarities
A systematic regional or social variation of a language in vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar
A boundary marking the spatial extent of a particular pronunciation, vocabulary term, or other linguistic feature
The development of distinct dialects or languages after speakers become spatially or socially separated
The acquisition of shared linguistic features, or adoption of a common language, through sustained contact
The most widely spoken language family, including most European languages and many languages of South and Southwest Asia
The hypothesis that Indo-European languages spread from Anatolia with the expansion of agriculture
The hypothesis that Indo-European languages spread from north of the Black and Caspian seas through pastoral migration and military expansion
A major language family concentrated mainly in China, Southeast Asia, and the Himalayan region
A major language family distributed across much of Sub-Saharan Africa
A major language family found across North Africa and parts of Southwest Asia and the Horn of Africa
A language family extending from Madagascar through island Southeast Asia into the Pacific because of maritime migration
A language designated for government functions such as administration, courts, schools, and public documents
A shared language used for communication among people with different native languages
A place name that can preserve evidence of past linguistic, religious, or political influence
A chart showing genealogical relationships from a protolanguage through families, branches, and more recent linguistic divisions
The use of two languages by a person or population
The use of multiple languages by a person or population
