AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 2.12 Flashcards

Immigration is movement into a destination; emigration is movement out of a place of origin, so one migrant can be both an immigrant and an emigrant

A sending area is the location migrants leave, while a receiving area is the location where they settle

The difference between immigration and emigration; more arrivals produce net in-migration, while more departures produce net out-migration

The tendency for migrants to differ systematically from the overall population by age, sex, education, occupation, income, ethnicity, or legal status

Money or other resources migrants send from receiving areas to relatives or communities in their places of origin

The knowledge, training, skills, and productive ability embodied in workers

The emigration of highly educated, trained, or skilled people, causing a sending area to lose human capital

The acquisition of skilled labor and human capital through immigration or the return of experienced migrants

Repeated migration and the continuing transfer of skills, experience, technology, and connections between origins and destinations

A population dispersed from a homeland whose members retain an identity with, memory of, or connection to that homeland

An area where migrants or an ethnic group concentrate, creating distinctive businesses, institutions, languages, and cultural practices

Fear of or hostility toward people perceived as foreign

Preference for the interests and culture of established inhabitants over those of immigrants, often accompanied by support for immigration restrictions

Ideas, behaviors, skills, and social values transferred by migrants to people in their home communities

Cross-border networks through which migrants and their households maintain economic, cultural, social, and political ties to more than one place

The movement of about six million African Americans from the rural South to northern, midwestern, and western cities from approximately 1916 to 1970, reshaping labor, culture, settlement, and political power

The forced transportation of millions of Africans to the Americas, producing African demographic losses, plantation labor systems, an African diaspora, and enduring racial and political inequalities