AP®︎ Human Geography: Topic 6.5 Flashcards

The spatial arrangement of land uses, economic activities, transportation routes, and social groups within an urban area

The ease with which a location can be reached from other locations, affecting competition for urban land

Land value is a location’s market value; land rent is the amount paid to occupy or use it

The clustering of related activities to gain advantages from proximity

The highly accessible concentration of a city’s commercial, financial, administrative, and entertainment functions

Land users bid according to accessibility, so willingness to pay usually declines with distance from a center and the highest bidder occupies each location

A monocentric industrial city arranged outward in rings: CBD, transition zone, working-class housing, better residences, and commuter zone

The process by which a land use or social group expands into an adjacent urban zone and gradually replaces its occupants

The transfer of older housing to lower-income households as wealthier households move to newer housing

A monocentric model in which urban land uses form wedges extending from the CBD along transportation or amenity corridors

A polycentric model in which specialized activities cluster around several nuclei because of facilities, agglomeration, incompatibility, and land costs

A decentralized, automobile-oriented metropolis with peripheral nodes and edge cities connected by expressways and beltways

A major concentration of offices, retail, entertainment, and employment outside the traditional downtown, usually near highway intersections

A model with a strong CBD, outward commercial spine and adjacent elite sector, with less secure or informal settlement toward parts of the periphery

A port-oriented model with colonial, administrative, commercial, and mixed-use zones near the core rather than one sharply defined CBD.

A model combining colonial and traditional CBDs, a market zone, ethnic and industrial districts, and peripheral informal settlement