AP®︎ Biology: Topic 1.1 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.1 of AP Biology – Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Hydrogen Bonding

Definition

Weak attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a nearby electronegative atom.

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Hydrogen Bonding
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Weak attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a nearby electronegative atom.

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Cohesion
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Attraction between water molecules caused by hydrogen bonds.

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Adhesion
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Attraction between water molecules and other polar or charged substances.

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Surface Tension
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Resistance of a liquid surface to breaking, caused by strong cohesion among surface molecules.

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Evaporative Cooling
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Evaporation removes the highest-energy molecules, lowering the temperature of the remaining liquid.

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Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Substances
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Hydrophilic substances interact with water; hydrophobic substances are nonpolar and avoid mixing with water.

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Water as a Solvent
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Its polarity allows it to surround and dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

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Water Polarity and Polar Covalent Bonds
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Unequal electron sharing in O-H bonds gives oxygen a partial negative charge and hydrogens partial positive charges.

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High Specific Heat of Water
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It resists temperature change because much energy is needed to disrupt hydrogen bonds.

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High Heat of Vaporization of Water
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A large amount of energy is required for evaporation because many hydrogen bonds must break.

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