AP®︎ Biology: Topic 7.4 Flashcards

The proportion of a specific allele among all alleles for a gene in a population.

All alleles present in all individuals of a population.

A random change in DNA sequence that creates new alleles.

Point mutations alter one base pair; chromosomal mutations change larger chromosome segments or arrangement.

Differences in alleles among individuals in a population.

Random changes in allele frequencies caused by chance, especially in small populations.

Genetic drift after a drastic population reduction leaves survivors with only a small sample of alleles.

Genetic drift when a few isolated individuals start a new population with limited alleles.

Smaller populations experience stronger random allele frequency changes than larger populations.

Chance transmission of alleles to offspring can shift frequencies between generations.

Ongoing allele exchange between populations can prevent them from becoming separate species.

Studies how allele frequencies in populations change across generations, which defines evolution.

Movement of alleles between populations that increases variation and reduces population differences.