AP®︎ Biology: Topic 3.1 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 3.1 of AP Biology – Enzymes to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Enzyme

Definition

A protein catalyst that speeds cellular reactions by lowering activation energy.

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Enzyme
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A protein catalyst that speeds cellular reactions by lowering activation energy.

3.1.A3.1.A.1
Activation Energy
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The minimum energy required for reactants to reach the transition state and react.

3.1.A3.1.A.1
Active Site
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The specific region where substrate binds and catalysis occurs.

3.1.A3.1.A.2
Substrate
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The reactant molecule an enzyme binds and acts on.

3.1.A3.1.A.2
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
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The temporary association formed when a substrate binds an enzyme's active site.

3.1.A3.1.A.2
Enzyme Specificity
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The property that allows only particular substrates to bind and be catalyzed.

3.1.A3.1.A.2
Induced Fit
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A model where substrate binding causes the enzyme to change shape for tighter binding.

3.1.A3.1.A.2
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Structure
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Primary amino acid sequence; secondary local folding; tertiary overall shape; quaternary subunit arrangement.

3.1.A
Allosteric Regulation
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Control of activity by binding at another site that changes the active site's shape.

3.1.A3.1.A.1
Denaturation
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A change in protein shape that disrupts the active site and reduces activity.

3.1.A3.1.A.1