AP®︎ Biology: Topic 1.5 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.5 of AP Biology – Lipids to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Definition

Saturated have only single bonds; unsaturated have one or more double bonds that create kinks.

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Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fatty Acids
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Saturated have only single bonds; unsaturated have one or more double bonds that create kinks.

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Degree of Unsaturation and Fluidity
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More double bonds increase kinks and make a lipid more liquid at room temperature.

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Fats and Oils
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Energy-storing lipids that can also provide insulation, cushioning, and support for cell function.

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Phospholipids
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Amphipathic lipids with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails that form membranes.

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Amphipathic
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Having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region in the same molecule.

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Lipid Bilayer
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A double layer of phospholipids with tails inward and heads facing watery environments.

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Steroids
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Lipids with four fused carbon rings, often functioning as hormones in regulation.

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Cholesterol
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A steroid in animal membranes that stabilizes structure and helps regulate fluidity.

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Structure Determines Function in Lipids
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The arrangement of fatty acids and other parts determines a lipid's properties and roles.

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Lipids
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Mostly nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules used for energy storage, membranes, and signaling.

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