AP®︎ Biology: Topic 6.6 Flashcards

A DNA sequence near a gene where RNA polymerase and transcription factors bind to start transcription.

A regulatory DNA sequence that increases transcription when activator proteins bind, often far from the gene.

A regulatory DNA sequence that decreases transcription when bound by inhibitory regulatory proteins.

Regulatory proteins that bind specific DNA sequences to activate or repress transcription.

The enzyme binds promoter DNA with transcription factors to begin RNA synthesis from a gene.

Repressors and corepressors that inhibit transcription by binding DNA or blocking transcriptional machinery.

Different cells express different sets of genes from the same genome.

Regulated gene expression creates different cell products, causing specialized functions and phenotypic differences.

Small RNAs such as miRNAs, siRNAs, and piRNAs reduce gene expression after transcription.