AP®︎ Biology: Topic 1.4 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 1.4 of AP Biology – Carbohydrates to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Carbohydrates

Definition

Organic molecules of sugars and sugar polymers used for energy storage and structural support.

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Carbohydrates
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Organic molecules of sugars and sugar polymers used for energy storage and structural support.

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Monosaccharides
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Single sugar units that act as monomers for larger carbohydrate molecules.

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Polysaccharides
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Long chains of monosaccharides linked by covalent bonds, forming linear or branched polymers.

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Glycosidic Linkage
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A covalent bond that joins monosaccharides together in carbohydrates.

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Linear vs. Branched Polysaccharides
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Some sugar polymers form straight chains, while others have side branches off the main chain.

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Starch
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A plant storage polysaccharide made of glucose monomers.

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Glycogen
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A highly branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in animals and fungi.

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Cellulose
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A structural polysaccharide in plant cell walls made of glucose monomers.

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