AP®︎ Physics 2 Unit 14: Notes & Study Guide

Prepare for your quiz, test, or the AP exam with a comprehensive review on Unit 14 of AP Physics 2 – Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics.

Exam weight: 12%–15%
9 Topics

Unit 14: Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics

How waves propagate, interfere, and diffract, including sound waves and light modeled as a wave.

Begin with Topic 14.1: Properties of Wave Pulses...

To review Unit 14, go through each of the 9 topics below.

Everything you actually need to know for your Unit 14 test, pulled directly from the AP® Physics 2 curriculum.

Topic 14.1
~6 min
Review
Properties of Wave Pulses and Waves
Properties of Wave Pulses and Waves
  • What a Wave Is
  • Mechanical vs Electromagnetic Waves
  • Transverse vs Longitudinal Waves
Review
Topic 14.2
~6 min
Review
Periodic Waves
Periodic Waves
  • What a Periodic Wave Is
  • The Full Set of Wave Quantities and How They Relate
  • Sinusoidal Wave Equations
Review
Topic 14.3
~7 min
Review
Boundary Behavior of Waves and Polarization
Boundary Behavior of Waves and Polarization
  • What Happens When a Wave Hits a Boundary
  • Reflection and Transmission at a Boundary
  • Polarization of Waves
Review
Topic 14.4
~6 min
Review
Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic Waves
  • What Electromagnetic Waves Are
  • How Electromagnetic Waves Propagate and Their Key Relationship
  • The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Review
Topic 14.5
~7 min
Review
The Doppler Effect
The Doppler Effect
  • What the Doppler Effect Is
  • How Relative Motion Changes Frequency
  • What Controls the Size of the Doppler Shift
Review
Topic 14.6
~6 min
Review
Wave Interference and Standing Waves
Wave Interference and Standing Waves
  • How Wave Interference Works
  • Types of Interference
  • Beats and Beat Frequency
Review
Topic 14.7
~6 min
Review
Diffraction
Diffraction
  • What Diffraction Is
  • Single-Slit Diffraction Setup and Geometry
  • Conditions for Dark and Bright Fringes
Review
Topic 14.8
~7 min
Review
Double-Slit Interference and Diffraction Gratings
Double-Slit Interference and Diffraction Gratings
  • What a Double-Slit Interference Pattern Is
  • Conditions for Bright and Dark Fringes
  • Interference Pattern vs Diffraction Envelope
Review
Topic 14.9
~5 min
Review
Thin-Film Interference
Thin-Film Interference
  • What Thin-Film Interference Is
  • Phase Changes at Boundaries
  • Conditions for Constructive and Destructive Interference
Review

Notes

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