AP®︎ World History: Topic 5.3 Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for Topic 5.3 of AP World History – Industrial Revolution Begins to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.

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Term

Industrial Revolution

Definition

The sustained shift from hand production in households and workshops to mechanized factory production, beginning in Great Britain in the mid-18th century

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Industrial Revolution
Not Started

The sustained shift from hand production in households and workshops to mechanized factory production, beginning in Great Britain in the mid-18th century

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Domestic System / Cottage System / Putting-Out System
Not Started

Preindustrial system in which merchants supplied raw materials to dispersed households, collected their finished goods, and sold them

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.C
Waterways, Rivers, and Canals
Not Started

They powered early machinery and lowered the cost of transporting bulky resources and goods among mines, factories, cities, and ports

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
British Agricultural Revolution
Not Started

Rising farm productivity from crop rotation, selective breeding, systematic cultivation, and land consolidation that supported population growth, urban labor, and investment

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Enclosure
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Consolidation of common and small agricultural lands into private commercial farms, increasing productivity while displacing some rural people into wage labor

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Urbanization
Not Started

The growth of cities, which concentrated workers, merchants, consumers, credit, and transportation links and was then accelerated by factory growth

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Legal Protection of Private Property
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Reliable protection of ownership, contracts, patents, and profits that encouraged investment in mines, canals, machinery, and factories

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Accumulation of Capital
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The buildup of wealth and credit that could finance factory buildings, machinery, mines, transportation, raw materials, and wages

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Factory System
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A production system that concentrated workers, machinery, materials, and power in one location and divided production into specialized tasks

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.C
Specialization of Labor / Division of Labor
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Breaking production into separate repetitive tasks performed by different workers, increasing output and reducing reliance on fully skilled artisans

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.C
Coal
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An abundant source of concentrated energy whose accessibility near manufacturing regions and transportation routes favored British industrialization

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Iron
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The material used for tools, machinery, factory equipment, and infrastructure; proximity to coal lowered the cost of processing it

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Timber
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A resource used for construction, tools, mine supports, ships, and fuel, while pressure on wood supplies made coal more attractive

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Access to Foreign Resources
Not Started

Overseas trade and empire supplied British factories with raw materials, especially cotton

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A
Foreign Markets
Not Started

Overseas trading networks and colonial markets provided additional buyers for British manufactured goods

Unit 5: Learning Objective DKC-5.1.I.A