AP®︎ World History: Topic 7.5 Flashcards

U.S. president who promoted national self-determination and the League of Nations, though the postwar settlement applied self-determination selectively

The principle that nations should choose their own governments; applied mainly in Europe after World War I while usually denied to colonized peoples

The 1919 peace treaty that stripped Germany of its colonies, which were redistributed largely as League of Nations mandates

Postwar international organization that supervised mandates but failed to compel imperial withdrawal or stop Japan’s seizure of Manchuria

Former German and Ottoman territories governed by outside powers for the League under a promise of eventual self-government, but usually administered like colonies

League mandate granting Japan control of former German Pacific islands north of the equator after World War I.

Chinese nationalist movement begun in 1919 that protested the transfer of German privileges in Shandong to Japan and condemned foreign imperialism

Japan’s 1931 occupation of Manchuria after Kwantung Army officers used a railway explosion as a pretext for conquest

Nominally independent state established by Japan in Manchuria in 1932 under Puyi but effectively controlled as a Japanese puppet state

A nominally independent state whose major political and military decisions are controlled by a foreign power, as Japan controlled Manchukuo

Japan’s claimed Pan-Asian bloc that promised liberation from Western imperialism while imposing Japanese military, political, and economic domination

Leading Indian nationalist organization that turned resistance to British rule into a mass interwar movement of boycotts, marches, and civil disobedience

Indian National Congress leader who organized mass resistance to British rule using satyagraha, noncooperation, and civil disobedience

Gandhi’s method of nonviolent resistance based on moral opposition to injustice and organized refusal to cooperate with colonial authority

British laws enacted in India in 1919 that extended emergency powers and permitted detention without trial, provoking widespread protests

The 1919 killing of hundreds of unarmed Indians by British troops under Reginald Dyer, which severely damaged British legitimacy

Gandhi’s 1920–1922 campaign urging Indians to boycott British institutions, titles, and goods; suspended after violence at Chauri Chaura

Indian nationalist campaign begun in 1930 that openly and nonviolently violated colonial laws, beginning with the Salt March

Gandhi’s 1930 march to the Arabian Sea to violate Britain’s salt monopoly, turning an everyday tax into a symbol of colonial injustice

Federation of French colonies that remained under French rule while workers, intellectuals, and political organizers used strikes, associations, and Pan-African networks to resist colonial inequality

French colonial system subjecting African colonial subjects to special regulations and administrative punishments not normally imposed on citizens

Movement asserting shared interests among people of African descent and opposing colonialism and racial discrimination across national boundaries

International meetings beginning in 1919 that demanded political rights, better labor conditions, education, and movement toward African self-government

Former Ottoman territories considered closest to independence, including British mandates in Iraq, Palestine, and Transjordan and French mandates in Syria and Lebanon

Former German colonies in Africa governed by mandatory powers under stated restrictions but with extensive foreign political and economic control

Former German territories that mandatory powers were permitted to administer almost as parts of their own territory