AP®︎ European History: Topic 6.5 Flashcards

Ideology defending inherited monarchy, hierarchy, religion, and custom because imperfect human nature made revolutionary reconstruction dangerous

The effort to reverse revolutionary changes and restore as much of the pre-revolutionary political and religious order as possible

British author of Reflections on the Revolution in France who defended inherited institutions and gradual, historically grounded reform over revolution

Reactionary Catholic thinker who defended hereditary monarchy, papal authority, obedience, and the alliance of throne and altar

Austrian statesman and architect of the post-1815 order who used diplomacy and repression against liberal and nationalist revolution

Post-1815 combination of great-power diplomacy, censorship, surveillance, and intervention designed to preserve monarchy and suppress liberalism and nationalism

Informal post-1815 system of great-power consultation and collective action to preserve the Vienna settlement, balance of power, and conservative order

Doctrine that great powers could intervene in another state to restore its monarch or suppress a revolution threatening the European order

Principle that hereditary dynasties displaced by Napoleon or revolution should be restored as the rightful governments

Arrangement of states and territories so that no single power could dominate Europe

The post-Napoleonic political and territorial settlement that the Concert sought to protect from conquest and revolution

1815 alliance of Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Britain that enforced the peace settlement and guarded against a renewed French threat

Agreement among Russia, Austria, and Prussia promoting Christian monarchical solidarity and symbolizing the conservative union of religion and autocracy

The five-power Concert created when restored France joined Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Britain in 1818

1818 congress that ended the allied occupation of France and admitted France to the Concert of Europe

1820 declaration by Russia, Austria, and Prussia asserting a right of collective intervention against revolutions threatening the European alliance

1821 congress that authorized Austrian intervention to defeat the constitutional revolution in Naples

1822 congress at which continental conservative powers supported French intervention against the liberal revolution in Spain

British foreign secretary who supported consultation and balance-of-power cooperation but rejected a universal right to suppress domestic revolutions

British foreign secretary who opposed intervention in Spain and efforts to restore Spanish control over Latin American colonies

Ideology favoring constitutional limits, civil liberties, legal equality, and political representation against restored absolutism

Belief that a people sharing a common identity constituted a nation entitled to political expression, unity, or self-government

German student fraternities that promoted liberalism and German national unity and were suppressed under the Carlsbad Decrees

1819 measures that dissolved nationalist student societies and imposed censorship, university supervision, and political investigation across the German Confederation

Italian secret societies whose liberal and nationalist members opposed restored monarchies and Austrian domination

Greek revolt against Ottoman rule that succeeded after British, French, and Russian intervention, exposing the Concert's selective treatment of nationalism

The 1830 separation of Belgium from the Netherlands, accepted by the powers when a neutral Belgium could be fitted into the balance of power