AP®︎ European History: Topic 7.2 Flashcards
Master key terms and definitions for Topic 7.2 of AP European History – Nationalism to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.
Nation
A community whose members understand themselves as sharing a collective identity and historical destiny
A community whose members understand themselves as sharing a collective identity and historical destiny
A sovereign political organization governing a defined territory
A sovereign state that claims to represent a particular nation, though it may contain cultural or ethnic minorities
The ideology or movement that gives the nation primary political loyalty and seeks institutions expressing its collective identity
Attachment to one's country or state without necessarily demanding that its borders correspond to a particular nation
The principle that legitimate political authority belongs to the nation rather than to a monarch or dynasty
The principle that a nation should be able to choose its political status and govern itself
Nationalism that uses language, folklore, literature, traditions, and historical memory to present a people as an organic national community
German cultural nationalist whose Addresses to the German Nation stressed language, education, and moral regeneration as foundations of German unity
Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, whose collections of German folktales and linguistic scholarship promoted a shared German culture and historical identity
Italian republican nationalist who envisioned nations as divinely ordained communities and sought popular unification of an independent Italian republic
Organization founded by Mazzini in 1831 to promote a unified, independent Italian republic through popular nationalist action
A movement emphasizing the shared languages, cultures, and histories of Slavic peoples and supporting cooperation, autonomy, or political unity
Nationalism joining national sovereignty with constitutions, representative institutions, legal equality, and freedom from foreign or absolutist rule
French ruler who used plebiscites, national glory, economic development, and military prestige to legitimize the authoritarian Second Empire
Piedmont-Sardinian prime minister who used monarchy, constitutional government, diplomacy, and war to direct Italian nationalism toward unification under Savoy rule
Conservative Prussian minister-president who used diplomacy, warfare, and German nationalism to unify Germany under Prussian and Hohenzollern leadership
The use of popular national sentiment by an existing ruler or government to unify, expand, or legitimize the state
Aggressive, uncritical belief in the superiority or interests of one's own nation
The enlargement of a nation's territory, power, prestige, or influence
The belief that humanity consists of hereditary racial groups possessing unequal characteristics or worth
Civic nationalism bases membership on citizenship and political allegiance; ethnic or racial nationalism bases it on ancestry, language, religion, or supposed blood ties
The adoption by Jews of the surrounding society's language, education, practices, and public culture without necessarily abandoning Jewish identity
The uneven extension of civil and political rights to European Jews through Enlightenment, revolutionary, and nineteenth-century liberal reforms
Hostility portraying Jews as a permanent racial or hereditary group alien to the nation regardless of citizenship, conversion, or acculturation
German Protestant court preacher who organized conservative, Christian, monarchist, and anti-Semitic appeals as a form of mass politics
German party founded by Adolf Stoecker in 1878 to attract lower-middle-class and working-class support through conservative Christian and anti-Semitic appeals
Mayor of Vienna from 1897 to 1910 who combined Catholic and lower-middle-class appeals with attacks on Jews and liberal elites
Austrian party associated with Karl Lueger that mobilized Catholic and lower-middle-class voters through anti-Semitic attacks on Jews and liberal elites
French crisis over the false 1894 treason conviction of Jewish officer Alfred Dreyfus; anti-Semitism and an army cover-up divided France before his 1906 exoneration
Late nineteenth-century Jewish nationalism seeking a political homeland and collective self-determination in response to persistent anti-Semitism
Central figure in political Zionism who argued in The Jewish State that assimilation could not defeat anti-Semitism and advocated establishing a Jewish state
The 1897 Basel meeting convened by Herzl that endorsed a publicly and legally secured home for the Jewish people in Palestine
Settlement creating Austria-Hungary, with separate Austrian and Hungarian governments under one Habsburg monarch and shared foreign and military affairs
