AP®︎ European History Flashcards

Master key terms and definitions for every unit and topic to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam. Select a unit or topic to begin.

Unit 1: Renaissance and Exploration

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 1.1
Contextualizing Renaissance and Discovery

Study

Topic 1.2
Italian Renaissance

Study

Topic 1.3
Northern Renaissance

Study

Topic 1.4
Printing

Study

Topic 1.5
New Monarchies

Study

Topic 1.6
Technological Advances and the Age of Exploration

Study

Topic 1.7
Rivals on the World Stage

Study

Topic 1.8
Colonial Expansion and Columbian Exchange

Study

Topic 1.9
The Slave Trade

Study

Topic 1.10
The Commercial Revolution

Study

Topic 1.11
Causation in the Renaissance and Age of Discovery

Study

Unit 2: Age of Reformation

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 2.1
Contextualizing 16th- and 17th-Century Challenges and Developments

Study

Topic 2.2
Luther and the Protestant Reformation

Study

Topic 2.3
Protestant Reform Continues

Study

Topic 2.4
Wars of Religion

Study

Topic 2.5
The Catholic Reformation

Study

Topic 2.6
16th-Century Society and Politics

Study

Topic 2.7
Art of the 16th Century: Mannerism and Baroque Art

Study

Topic 2.8
Causation in the Age of Reformation and the Wars of Religion

Study

Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 3.1
Contextualizing State Building

Study

Topic 3.2
The English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution

Study

Topic 3.3
Continuities and Changes to Economic Practice and Development

Study

Topic 3.4
Economic Development and Mercantilism

Study

Topic 3.5
The Dutch Golden Age

Study

Topic 3.6
Balance of Power

Study

Topic 3.7
Absolutist Approaches to Power

Study

Topic 3.8
Comparison in the Age of Absolutism and Constitutionalism

Study

Unit 4: Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 4.1
Contextualizing the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment

Study

Topic 4.2
The Scientific Revolution

Study

Topic 4.3
The Enlightenment

Study

Topic 4.4
18th-Century Society and Demographics

Study

Topic 4.5
18th-Century Culture and Arts

Study

Topic 4.6
Enlightened and Other Approaches to Power

Study

Topic 4.7
Causation in the Age of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment

Study

Unit 5: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 5.1
Contextualizing 18th-Century States

Study

Topic 5.2
The Rise of Global Markets

Study

Topic 5.3
Britain’s Ascendency

Study

Topic 5.4
The French Revolution

Study

Topic 5.5
The French Revolution’s Effects

Study

Topic 5.6
Napoleon’s Rise, Dominance, and Defeat

Study

Topic 5.7
The Congress of Vienna

Study

Topic 5.8
Romanticism

Study

Topic 5.9
Continuity and Change in 18th-Century States

Study

Unit 6: Industrialization and Its Effects

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 6.1
Contextualizing Industrialization and Its Origins and Effects

Study

Topic 6.2
The Spread of Industry Throughout Europe

Study

Topic 6.3
Second Wave Industrialization and Its Effects

Study

Topic 6.4
Social Effects of Industrialization

Study

Topic 6.5
The Concert of Europe and European Conservatism

Study

Topic 6.6
Reactions and Revolutions

Study

Topic 6.7
Ideologies of Change and Reform Movements

Study

Topic 6.8
19th-Century Social Reform

Study

Topic 6.9
Institutional Responses and Reform

Study

Topic 6.10
Causation in the Age of Industrialization

Study

Unit 7: 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 7.1
Contextualizing 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

Study

Topic 7.2
Nationalism

Study

Topic 7.3
National Unification and Diplomatic Tensions

Study

Topic 7.4
Darwinism, Social Darwinism

Study

Topic 7.5
The Age of Progress and Modernity

Study

Topic 7.6
New Imperialism: Motivations and Methods

Study

Topic 7.7
Imperialism’s Global Effects

Study

Topic 7.8
19th-Century Culture and Arts

Study

Topic 7.9
Causation in 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

Study

Unit 8: 20th-Century Global Conflicts

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 8.1
Contextualizing 20th-Century Global Conflicts

Study

Topic 8.2
World War I

Study

Topic 8.3
The Russian Revolution and Its Effects

Study

Topic 8.4
Versailles Conference and Peace Settlement

Study

Topic 8.5
Global Economic Crisis

Study

Topic 8.6
Fascism and Totalitarianism

Study

Topic 8.7
Europe During the Interwar Period

Study

Topic 8.8
World War II

Study

Topic 8.9
The Holocaust

Study

Topic 8.10
20th-Century Cultural, Intellectual, and Artistic Developments

Study

Topic 8.11
Continuity and Changes in an Age of Global Conflict

Study

Unit 9: Cold War and Contemporary Europe

All Topics
Complete Unit Review

Study

Topic 9.1
Contextualizing Cold War and Contemporary Europe

Study

Topic 9.2
Rebuilding Europe

Study

Topic 9.3
The Cold War

Study

Topic 9.4
Two Super Powers Emerge

Study

Topic 9.5
Postwar Nationalism, Ethnic Conflict, and Atrocities

Study

Topic 9.6
Contemporary Western Democracies

Study

Topic 9.7
The Fall of Communism

Study

Topic 9.8
20th-Century Feminism

Study

Topic 9.9
Decolonization

Study

Topic 9.10
The European Union

Study

Topic 9.11
Migration and Immigration

Study

Topic 9.12
Technology

Study

Topic 9.13
Globalization

Study

Topic 9.14
20th- and 21st-Century Culture, Arts, and Demographic Trends

Study

Topic 9.15
Continuity and Change in the 20th and 21st Centuries

Study
Also applying to college?Free college essay reviewGet your college essay graded