AP®︎ Chemistry Unit 9: Notes & Study Guide
Prepare for your quiz, test, or the AP exam with a comprehensive review on Unit 9 of AP Chemistry – Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry.
Unit 9: Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry
What makes reactions favorable, how entropy and enthalpy combine to drive change, and how chemical energy converts to electrical energy.
Begin with Topic 9.1: Introduction to EntropyTo review Unit 9, go through each of the 11 topics below.
Everything you actually need to know for your Unit 9 test, pulled directly from the AP® Chemistry curriculum.
Introduction to Entropy
Introduction to Entropy
- What Entropy Is
- The Main Ways Entropy Changes
- Predicting Sign and Relative Magnitude of ΔS
Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change
Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change
- What Absolute Entropy Is
- The ΔS° Reaction Formula
- What Determines the Size of S° for a Substance
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
- Gibbs Free Energy and What ΔG° Means
- The Equation That Connects Enthalpy and Entropy
- All Possible ΔH° and ΔS° Combinations
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control
- Thermodynamic Favorability vs Reaction Rate
- Activation Energy and the Energy Barrier
- What Kinetic Control Means
Free Energy and Equilibrium
Free Energy and Equilibrium
- What Thermodynamically Favored Means
- The Mathematical Relationship Between ΔG° and K
- Estimating K from the Size of ΔG°
Free Energy of Dissolution
Free Energy of Dissolution
- What Free Energy of Dissolution Is
- The Three Energy Changes in Dissolution
- Enthalpy of Dissolution
Coupled Reactions
Coupled Reactions
- What Makes a Reaction Thermodynamically Favorable or Unfavorable
- Two Ways to Drive a Thermodynamically Unfavorable Reaction
- How Reaction Coupling Works
Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells
Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells
- What an Electrochemical Cell Is
- The Components of an Electrochemical Cell and What Each Does
- Galvanic vs Electrolytic Cells
Cell Potential and Free Energy
Cell Potential and Free Energy
- Cell Potential and What It Means
- Standard Reduction Potentials and Calculating E°cell
- From Cell Potential to Spontaneity and ΔG°
Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions
Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions
- What Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions Means
- The Reaction Quotient Q in Electrochemical Cells
- The Nernst Equation and What It Tells You
Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law
Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law
- Electrolytic Cells and Nonspontaneous Redox
- Galvanic vs. Electrolytic Cells
- Faraday’s Law and the Charge–Mass Relationship
Notes
1 credit used · 5/5 remaining