AP®︎ US History: Topic 3.11 Flashcards

Cultural ideal that a republic required civic virtue, public service, independence, frugality, education, and resistance to corruption and hereditary privilege

Revolutionary commander and first president elevated into a national hero symbolizing civic virtue, restrained leadership, and the voluntary surrender of power

National model of the self-made American who combined self-education, practical knowledge, scientific curiosity, commercial success, diplomacy, and civic service

Franklin’s annual publication using proverbs and practical advice to promote thrift, industry, self-discipline, and other republican virtues

Newspapers, pamphlets, books, sermons, and engravings that circulated shared arguments and symbols, connecting local readers to a national public

Federal law protecting maps, charts, and books for 14 years, renewable once, to encourage domestic authorship and useful knowledge

Educator who sought cultural independence from Britain by standardizing American language and using education to promote patriotic republican values

Webster’s widely used 1783 textbook that taught reading and standardized spelling while promoting patriotic and moral lessons

Enslaved African-born poet whose Christian, neoclassical verse contradicted racist assumptions about Africans while her status highlighted the conflict between liberty and slavery

Classically styled female personification of America used in late-eighteenth-century poetry and art as a national symbol

Colonial portraitist whose European-style paintings displayed elite American status, illustrating the continuity of transatlantic artistic culture

Pennsylvania-born London artist whose The Death of General Wolfe treated recent North American history as a heroic subject within European high culture

Continental Army veteran whose battle paintings turned Revolutionary leaders, deaths, and events into scenes of patriotic sacrifice and national memory

Portraitist of Washington and founder of a Philadelphia museum combining national history, scientific specimens, inventions, and artifacts

National flag established with 13 alternating red and white stripes and 13 white stars representing a new constellation of states

British-derived colonial style emphasizing symmetry, proportion, formal entrances, sash windows, and classical decoration; it remained influential after independence

Post-Revolutionary American style derived from British neoclassicism, marked by symmetry, lighter proportions, and refined classical decoration

Architecture modeled on ancient Greece and Rome and used by Americans to associate public buildings with republican government and civic virtue

Leading advocate of classical republican architecture who modeled the Virginia State Capitol on the ancient Roman Maison Carrée

Designer of the 1791 plan for Washington, D.C., combining a street grid, broad diagonal avenues, and prominent sites for national buildings

Coexistence of many denominations and faiths, making a single national church impractical and encouraging religious liberty as an American ideal

Ending government support for an established church, a gradual and uneven process that strengthened religious liberty after independence

Jefferson-drafted law enacted in 1786 that ended Virginia’s established church support and protected belief from civil coercion

Belief that the United States’ political system and history gave the nation a distinctive mission or place in the world

Inventor who patented the cotton gin in 1794, exemplifying practical ingenuity while helping expand cotton cultivation and enslaved labor

Whitney’s machine for separating seeds from short-staple cotton, making cotton more profitable and contributing to the expansion of slavery

Law restricting naturalization to “free white persons,” revealing the racial limits of citizenship despite universal revolutionary language

Ideal assigning women the civic responsibility of educating virtuous republican citizens without granting them political equality

National emblem adopted in 1782 featuring a bald eagle, symbols of the 13 states, and the motto E pluribus unum, “Out of many, one.”

Franklin’s work, begun in 1771 and published after his death, that helped establish the enduring image of the self-made American