AP®︎ US History: Topic 6.8 Flashcards

Movement into the United States from another country; it expanded and diversified the Gilded Age industrial workforce and urban population

Movement from one part of the United States to another, especially from rural areas and the South toward growing cities and western communities

The growth of cities and of the proportion of people living in urban areas, accelerated by immigration, internal migration, and industrial employment

Push factors drive people from an origin, such as poverty or persecution; pull factors attract them to a destination, such as jobs, freedom, land, or family networks

Migration in which earlier migrants provide relatives or neighbors with information, money, passage, housing, or jobs, drawing them to the same communities

Organized or officially tolerated anti-Jewish violence that helped push many Jews from the Russian Empire and eastern Europe to emigrate

Old immigrants generally came from northern and western Europe; new immigrants increasingly came from southern and eastern Europe in the 1880s and 1890s

Federal immigration station opened in New York Harbor in 1892 and became the best-known processing point for European immigrants

The 1879 migration of thousands of African Americans from the South to Kansas seeking land, political independence, and safety from racial oppression

A neighborhood concentrated around one ethnic or national group that supplied housing, jobs, mutual aid, familiar languages, religion, businesses, and cultural institutions

Dense New York immigrant district, especially associated with eastern European Jews, garment work, tenements, markets, synagogues, newspapers, and mutual aid

Multifamily urban rental buildings divided into small apartments, often overcrowded, poorly ventilated, unsanitary, and vulnerable to disease and fire

Author of the 1883 poem “The New Colossus,” which portrayed the United States as a refuge for poor, displaced, and oppressed immigrants

Emma Lazarus’s 1883 poem presenting the United States as a welcoming refuge for poor, displaced, and oppressed immigrants

Immigrant and reform-minded journalist whose 1890 work How the Other Half Lives exposed poverty and overcrowding in New York tenements

Jacob Riis’s 1890 work using writing and photographs to expose poverty and overcrowding in New York tenements

Migration across the Pacific, especially by Chinese workers drawn to western mining, railroads, agriculture, manufacturing, and services and, later, Japanese migrants to Hawaii and the Pacific Coast

Movement within and out of the South driven by sharecropping debt, Jim Crow, and racial violence and pulled by land, wages, urban work, and greater safety